Matthew 13:24  “…kingdom of heaven is like…”
The idea presented in the parable will be similar to an idea dealing with the kingdom of heaven.  Important to note that parables usually have only one idea.  Some are allegorical, some are not.  You can’t always transfer the pieces between the parable and their purpose.

30  “Let both grow together until the harvest…”
You can’t tell how someone’s life will turn out, whether they will choose to receive Christ or not.  As long as they are breathing, I believe they have a chance.  I think it shows the great grace, mercy, and patience of God.  But one day all of that will be finished.  Then those who believe in Him will be gathered to Him and all the others will be cast out.

33  “…like leaven…”
Good example of why you have to read the context of what is said.  Leaven is usually used as a reference to sin.  Here its ability to spread from a small amount to a great is referenced.  Similar to the previous parable regarding the mustard seed.  Because God is the power behind the message, the gospel can start from a single person telling another.  It will grow until it has spread to multitudes of people.

37  “…He who sows the good seed is the Son of Man”
One which can be taken as an allegory.  Jesus shows how each part is represented.

44  “…for joy over it he goes and sells all that he has and buys that field”
Good example of why you can’t take all parables as allegories.  Here we have a man who finds a treasure in someone else’s field.  Instead of letting the owner know there is treasure in his field, the person sells all he has to obtain the field.  Certainly Jesus is not telling us we should be dishonest in dealing with the gospel.  What He is saying is that we should value the good news above all else, just as the man in the parable did.  He valued the treasure to the point he was willing to give all he had to acquire it.  We should be the same way with the knowledge of the kingdom, with all honesty and purity.

52  “…like a householder who brings out of his treasure things new and old”
A person has things both old and new of the items he has collected over time.  Interesting to view what some people collect as personal treasures.  Scribes of the kingdom do the same.  We have the old truths of the Old Testament and how they were displayed.  We have the new truths which Christ provided as well as new ways to observe the old truths.  Today we take common events and ideas and compare them to the old truths.  We don’t exchange the truth as it remains the same, but we find new ways to present it.  The methods may change, but the message must always remain the same.  This is why I don’t like the phrase old fashioned when used to refer to the gospel.  The gospel never changes.  It is the truth beyond the relevance of time.  A person may only be saved by repenting of sin and accepting the gift of salvation from Christ.  Those who do this have eternal life, those who don’t will go to Hell.  That is the way it has been since man sinned in the Garden of Eden, and that is the way it will be until Christ returns to abolish sin forever.

57  “…they were offended at Him…A prophet is not without honor except in his own country…”
Knowledge of a person’s origins and past can hinder how much we accept the truth they proclaim.  Doesn’t matter how valid the truth may be, we have a hard time getting passed what we remember.  We should check the person’s credentials to be sure they aren’t a liar or charlatan, but we also need to focus on what is said and try it to see if it’s the truth before dismissing the message over prejudice.

58  “…He did not do many mighty works there because of their unbelief”
Not from a lack of power on His part.  Nor did their lack of belief have any stopping power.  But you can’t help someone who doesn’t want help or deliberately refuses it.  Jesus said as the serpent was lifted up in the wilderness so would He be lifted up.  All who wanted to be saved need only look up.  The power to save wasn’t in question, but some refused to look up and still do.  Jesus wasn’t there to wow them with His power and ability.  He wanted them to see their need and the truth of their situation as well as the truth He offered, then come to Him in faith to be saved and/or healed.

I hope you enjoy reading and studying His word.  May it accomplish what He desires.  Please feel free to comment or post questions.  Thanks for reading!

Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.